首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing >BlackOut: Enabling fine-grained power gating of buffers in Network-on-Chip routers
【24h】

BlackOut: Enabling fine-grained power gating of buffers in Network-on-Chip routers

机译:中断:启用片上网络路由器中的缓冲区的细粒度电源门控

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例

摘要

The Network-on-Chip (NoC) router buffers play an instrumental role in the performance of both the interconnection fabric and the entire multi-/many-core system. Nevertheless, the buffers also constitute the major leakage power consumers in NoC implementations. Traditionally, they are designed to accommodate worst-case traffic scenarios, so they tend to remain idle, or under-utilized, for extended periods of time. The under-utilization of these valuable resources is exemplified when one profiles real application workloads; the generated traffic is bursty in nature, whereby high traffic periods are sporadic and infrequent, in general. The mitigation of the leakage power consumption of NoC buffers via power gating has been explored in the literature, both at coarse (router-level) and fine (buffer-level) granularities. However, power gating at the router granularity is suitable only for low and medium traffic conditions, where the routers have enough opportunities to be powered down. Under high traffic, the sleeping potential rapidly diminishes. Moreover, disabling an entire router greatly affects the NoC functionality and the network connectivity. This article presents BlackOut, a fine-grained power-gating methodology targeting individual router buffers. The goal is to minimize leakage power consumption, without adversely impacting the system performance. The proposed framework is agnostic of the routing algorithm and the network topology, and it is applicable to any router micro-architecture. Evaluation results obtained using both synthetic traffic patterns and real applications in 64-core systems indicate energy savings of up to 70%, as compared to a baseline NoC, with a near-negligible performance overhead of around 2%. BlackOut is also shown to significantly outperform - by 35%, on average - two current state-of-the-art power-gating solutions, in terms of energy savings.
机译:片上网络(NoC)路由器缓冲区在互连结构和整个多核/多核系统的性能中都发挥着重要作用。然而,在NoC实施中,缓冲器也构成了主要的泄漏功率消耗者。传统上,它们旨在适应最恶劣的流量情况,因此它们倾向于长时间保持空闲或利用率低下。当人们描述实际的应用程序工作负载时,就说明了这些宝贵资源的利用不足。所产生的流量本质上是突发性的,因此,高流量时段通常是偶发且不频繁的。文献中已经探讨了通过功率门控来缓解NoC缓冲器的泄漏功耗,无论是在粗糙(路由器级)还是精细(缓冲器级)粒度下。但是,以路由器粒度进行电源门控仅适用于中低流量条件,在这些条件下路由器有足够的机会关闭电源。在高流量下,睡眠潜力会迅速减少。此外,禁用整个路由器会极大地影响NoC功能和网络连接。本文介绍了BlackOut,这是一种针对单个路由器缓冲区的细粒度电源门控方法。目的是在不对系统性能产生不利影响的情况下,将泄漏功耗降至最低。所提出的框架与路由算法和网络拓扑无关,并且适用于任何路由器微体系结构。在64核系统中使用综合流量模式和实际应用获得的评估结果表明,与基准NoC相比,节能高达70%,而性能开销几乎可以忽略不计,约为2%。在节能方面,BlackOut还显示出显着优于两种当前最先进的电源门控解决方案的性能,平均达到35%。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号