従業員の職務満足と継続就業意思の経年変化とその因果関係に関する研究: 中国生産拠点における調査を事例として

摘要

新興国における生産拠点において複数年にわたり実施された職務満足向上対策を事例として用い，職務満足要因から 継続就業意思への影響を分析する.継続就業意思に関しては会社への継続就業意思，今の仕事への継続就業意思および今の仕事に対する意欲からなる3項目が設定され，職務満足要因として29項目が設定された.質問紙調査による回答 から職務満足要因が持つ情報を抽出するために，主成分分析により低次元空間に情報を縮約した.次に，主成分分析に より得られる少数の主成分から職務満足に影響が及ぶことを表すパス，さらに職務満足から継続就業意思に影響が及ぶ ことを表すパスから成る構造モデルを仮定した.調査データのクロス集計から，年度により継続就業意思に有意差のあ ることが示された.年度別に職務満足要因から継続就業意思への影響を共分散構造分析により分析した結果，すべての 年度で継続就業意思への影響が有意な職務満足要因と，年度により影響の有無が変わる要因のあることが示された.%This paper focuses on the measures taken to improve job satisfaction over several years at production bases in a developing nation, and analyzes how the factors of job satisfaction affect an employees' intention to continue working. An employee's intention to continue working was reviewed in terms of the intention to continue working in the same company, the intention to keep the same type of job, and the enthusiasm for the current job. The factors of job satisfaction were split into 29 categories based on the indices measured. For the purpose of identifying patterns in high-dimensional information on the factors of job satisfaction contained in questionnaire responses, the information was compressed into low-dimensional spaces based on the principal component analysis. Next, a structural model was formed. The model is composed of a path indicating that a few principal components obtained by the principal component analysis affect job satisfaction, and a path indicating that job satisfaction further affects the intention to continue working. By cross-tabulating the response data, a significant difference in the intention to continue working from year to year was observed. As a result of a year-by-year covariance structure analysis of the influence of jod satisfaction factors on the intention to continue working, some factors or job satisfaction were confirmed to significantly affect the intention to continue working every year, whereas other factors were observed to exert a variable influence from year to year.