Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 28 alleviates diet-induced obesity and adipose tissue metabolism in vitro and in mice fed a high-fat diet

摘要

Obesity, which has become a major public healthproblem, can arise from complex dyslipidemia, insulinresistance, and immune responses, among other mechanisms.Some Lactobacillus strains effectively ameliorateobesity; however, the beneficial effects of Lactococcusspp., which are often used as dairy starters, remainunclear. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacyof Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 28 using the 3T3-L1cell line and obese mice fed a high-fat diet. Overall,administration of Lc. chungangensis CAU 28 effectivelyresolved obesity associated with weight gain and lipidaccumulation. In differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, Lc. chungangensisCAU 28 treatment significantly diminishedthe total lipid quantity, inhibited triglyceride formation,and prevented the proliferation of adipogenictranscription factors (fatty acid synthase, adiponectin,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, andCCAAT-enhancer-binding protein-α) associated withlipid accumulation. In the obesity mouse model, whereinthe intake of Lc. chungangensis CAU 28 effectivelyreduced body weight gain, along with fat differentiationand accumulation (white fat; abdominal and subcutaneous).Furthermore, Lc. chungangensis CAU 28 increasedserum adiponectin levels, decreased serum leptin levels,and effectively regulated adipokine secretion. It alsoincreased the high-density lipoprotein: cholesterol ratio,reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, reducedthe low-density lipoprotein: cholesterol ratio, andaffected obesity-regulated inflammatory cytokines IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α, IFN-γ, and IL-1β. Additionally,L_c. chungangensis CAU 28 was associated withan increase in the CD3~+CD4~+CD8~− phenotype amongobese mice. Thus, the administration of Lc. chungangensisCAU 28 induced antiobesity effects, suggestingpotential applications of this species as a supplementfor obesity mitigation.