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Parallel Simulations of Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Along Geometrically Complex Faults on CMP Systems

机译:CMP系统上沿几何复杂断层的动态地震破裂的并行模拟

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Chip multiprocessors (CMP) are widely used for high performance computing and are being configured in a hierarchical manner to compose a CMP compute node in a CMP system. Such a CMP system provides a natural programming paradigm for hybrid MPI/OpenMP applications. In this paper, we use OpenMP to parallelize a sequential earthquake simulation code for modeling spontaneous earthquake rupture along geometrically complex faults on two CMP systems, IBM POWER5+ system and SUN Opteron server. The experimental results indicate that the OpenMP implementation has the accurate output results and the good scalability on the two CMP systems. We apply the optimization techniques such as large page and processor binding to the OpenMP implementation to achieve up to 7.05% performance improvement on the CMP systems without any code modification. Further, we illustrate an element-based partitioning scheme for explicit finite element methods. Based on the partitioning scheme and what we learn from the OpenMP implementation, we discuss how efficiently to use hybrid MPI/OpenMP to parallelize the sequential earthquake rupture simulation code in order to not only achieve multiple levels of parallelism of the code but also to reduce the communication overhead of MPI within a CMP node by taking advantage of the shared address space and on-chip high inter-core bandwidth and low inter-core latency. Our initial experimental results indicate that the hybrid MPI/OpenMP implementation obtains the accurate output results and has good scalability on CMP systems.
机译:芯片多处理器(CMP)广泛用于高性能计算,并以分层方式进行配置,以组成CMP系统中的CMP计算节点。这样的CMP系统为混合MPI / OpenMP应用程序提供了自然的编程范例。在本文中,我们使用OpenMP并行化了一个顺序地震模拟代码,以对两个CMP系统(IBM POWER5 +系统和SUN Opteron服务器)上沿几何复杂故障的自发地震破裂建模。实验结果表明,OpenMP实现在两个CMP系统上具有准确的输出结果和良好的可伸缩性。我们将诸如大页面和处理器绑定之类的优化技术应用于OpenMP实现,从而无需修改任何代码即可在CMP系统上实现高达7.05%的性能提升。此外,我们说明了用于显式有限元方法的基于元素的分区方案。根据分区方案以及我们从OpenMP实施中学到的知识,我们讨论如何有效地使用混合MPI / OpenMP并行化顺序地震破裂模拟代码,以便不仅实现代码的多个并行度,而且降低代码并行度。利用共享地址空间和片上高内核间带宽和低内核间等待时间,在CMP节点内实现MPI的通信开销。我们的初步实验结果表明,混合MPI / OpenMP实现可获得准确的输出结果,并且在CMP系统上具有良好的可伸缩性。

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