1896年ブダペスト建国千年祭博覧会の会場計画について

摘要

1．はじめに建国千年祭博覧会は、マジャル人がカルパチア盆地に定住して千周年1）を記念する行事として1896年5月2日から11月3日までブダペストで開催された博覧会である。記念行事と博覧会を結びつける提案はハンガリー工業連盟（Orszagos Iparegyestuet）議長ジチ・イェネー（Zichy Jeno）によって1891年になされ、当初は万国博覧会としての開催が検討されていたが、最終的には準備期間も考慮され、国内博覧会となった。2）一般的な博覧会に見られる産業の進展や世界各地の文物の展示よりも、ハンガリーの歴史や文化に関する回顧的な展示に力が注がれ、内外にアピールされた。%In the 19th century Budapest, two exhibitions were held in the park Varosliget. For the first exhibition in 1885, Industry Pavilion was built as the main building at the center of the axial structure of the site, but for the Millennium Exhibition in 1896, History Pavilion, the new main building, should be emphasized more than Industry Pavilion. Tb solve this problem, a new entrance was planned at the end of Andrassy Street, a radial street which connected the center of the city and the park, and a promenade circuit was introduced to connect all major pavilions in the site. History Pavilion was built as a complex of imitations of several historic buildings in Hungary and placed picturesquely on an island in a lake. After the exhibition, a square was formed at the entrance and the History Pavilion was rebuilt as a durable building. The adoption of a promenade circuit as the main traffic line and an asymmetric picturesque building as the main pavilion was a unique solution at the time, since most of the sites of the world exhibitions in the 19th century were based on classical symmetrical layout.