中国都市部における「城中村」住環境整備事業の効果に関する研究: 深圳市の事例を通じて

摘要

This research manages to investigate the effects of kinds of urban regeneration methods by conducting questionnaire survey with the residents and tenants in "villages inside city" in China. Based on the surveys, the "rebuilding type" is good for thoroughly improving living environments and solving the problems of residents' livelihood, while it causes unaffordable rents to those previous tenants and usually excludes them from the rebuilt area. The Shenzhen's case, however, shows that the "gradually improvement type" can not only improve the living environments of "villages inside city" to an acceptable extent, but also keep the low-income tenants staying there. The Shenzhen's case reaches a good balance among all the participants, while it seems difficult to apply it to the "villages inside city" in inland cities. In future, the mechanism of urban regeneration which can both keep balances among all interests and match all regions even all "villages inside cities" need to be taken further consideration.%多くの発展途上国の都市と同様、中国の都市も市場経済化政策による経済発展の一方、農村からの出稼ぎ労働者（農民工）が主体である都市低所得者層の激増が問題となっている。彼らが集中している所謂「城中村」という都市低所得者地域は、劣悪な住環境、不十分なインフラ整備などの問題を抱えており、新たな都市間題として近年注目されている。