Engines

摘要

World War II left Japan in ruins. General and gaijin shogun Douglas MacArthur invited a hard-bitten Wyoming engineer to help restore its shattered economy.rnJapanese leaders complained they lacked money and technology and could not hope to compete on a global scale. The engineer, W. Edwards Deming, told them to forget about money and technology. What they needed were people who could find and exploit opportunity. "Technology is brainless," said Deming. "So are most managers I know." Deming knew whereof he spoke. His ideas on leadership had been flatly rejected by the powers at then-mighty General Motors, who preached that executives were interchangeable and technology a universal solution. The result, Deming claimed, was "robots painting robots" - automation without human guidance.