災害時における被災者の緊急避難行動パターンに基づくERUCシステムの開発

摘要

火災や地震，テロなど突発性の災害により多数の被災者が死傷している現状がある．筆者らはこの問題を解決するため，ERUC（Emergency Rescue Urgent Cormications；非常時緊急通信）システムの開発を行っている．本システムでは，モバイル端末間のアドホック通信により周囲の被災者位置や動き，ならびに被害状況を交換・共有し，リアルタイムに危険箇所の判定，災害の大まかな種類の判定，さらには適切な避難路の検索・表示を行う．本稿では，ERUCシステムの目的や避難経路の検索を述べる．また本システムの開発に伴い，火災，テロ，地震を想定した百数十人規模の緊急避難実験を行い，考察を述べる．%A lot of evacuators are killed and injured due to sudden disasters such as a fire, the earthquake, and terrorism. To solve these problems, authors are developing ERUC (Emergency Rescue Urgent Communications) system. In real time a surrounding evacuator position, movement, and the damage situation are exchanged, shared according to the ad hoc communications among mobile terminals, and the dangerous position and the kind of disasters are judged, and this system retrieves a furthermore appropriate escape route and displays it.rnIn this paper, the purpose of the ERUC system and the retrieval of the escape routes are described. Moreover, we perform emergency evacuation experiments by the emergency evacuation of tens of 100 person scale in the situations of a fire, the earthquake, and terrorism. We consider results of the experiments.