2者間事態における会話行動が葛藤に及ぼす影響: コミュニケーション・スキルに注目して

摘要

本研究は個人のコミュニケーション・スキルと立場の違いの観点から相互作用時の言語・非言語行動に関する行動パターンを明らかにした．さらにその行動が葛藤や対人認知に与える影響を検討した．実験参加者は，スキルの自己評価を問う事前質問紙の結果からスキル高群と低群に分けられ，2者で合意形成課題を行った．その際，課題での立場を操作した（立場一致群／不一致群）．スキル高群は低群よりも主導権を握る行動が少なく，傾聴行動が多く見られた．また，立場が不一致の場合には非言語行動が抑制されるという結果が得られた．これらの行動が葛藤に影響することも示された．この結果から，立場の違いが葛藤を導くプロセスに関するモデルが示唆された．%This study investigated the process of dyadic interaction from the point of communication skills and a difference of position. We also examined how dyadic behaviors influence on conflicts and interpersonal perceptions. Participants were divided into high or low skill groups by pre-questionnaire of evaluating self-skills and took part in the dyadic interaction about a consensus game. Their positions in a consensus game were manipulated ("Consistent Positions" condition or "Different Positions" condition).Participants with high skills had less initiative behaviors and paid more attention to what a partner said than participants with low skills. Nonverbal behaviors were not active when participants' positions were different each other. It was suggested that these behaviors should influence on conflicts. Results suggested the model concerning a process that difference of position s would generate conflicts.