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Hairy Slices: Evaluating the Perceptual Effectiveness of Cutting Plane Glyphs for 3D Vector Fields

机译:多毛的切片:评估3D矢量场的切割平面字形的感知效果

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Three-dimensional vector fields are common datasets throughout the sciences. Visualizing these fields is inherently difficult due to issues such as visual clutter and self-occlusion. Cutting planes are often used to overcome these issues by presenting more manageable slices of data. The existing literature provides many techniques for visualizing the flow through these cutting planes; however, there is a lack of empirical studies focused on the underlying perceptual cues that make popular techniques successful. This paper presents a quantitative human factors study that evaluates static monoscopic depth and orientation cues in the context of cutting plane glyph designs for exploring and analyzing 3D flow fields. The goal of the study was to ascertain the relative effectiveness of various techniques for portraying the direction of flow through a cutting plane at a given point, and to identify the visual cues and combinations of cues involved, and how they contribute to accurate performance. It was found that increasing the dimensionality of line-based glyphs into tubular structures enhances their ability to convey orientation through shading, and that increasing their diameter intensifies this effect. These tube-based glyphs were also less sensitive to visual clutter issues at higher densities. Adding shadows to lines was also found to increase perception of flow direction. Implications of the experimental results are discussed and extrapolated into a number of guidelines for designing more perceptually effective glyphs for 3D vector field visualizations.
机译:三维矢量场是整个科学领域的通用数据集。由于诸如视觉混乱和自我遮挡之类的问题,很难可视化这些字段。切割平面通常用于通过提供更易管理的数据切片来克服这些问题。现有文献提供了许多可视化通过这些切割平面的流动的技术。但是,缺乏针对使流行技术成功的潜在知觉线索的实证研究。本文提出了一个定量的人为因素研究,该评估在切割平面字形设计的背景下评估静态单视深度和方向提示,以探索和分析3D流场。该研究的目的是确定各种技术的相对有效性,这些技术描绘了在给定点通过切割平面的流动方向,并确定了视觉提示和涉及的提示组合,以及它们如何有助于准确的性能。发现增加基于线的字形到管状结构的尺寸会增强其通过阴影传达方向的能力,并且增加其直径会增强这种效果。这些基于管的字形在较高密度下对视觉混乱问题也较不敏感。还发现在线条上添加阴影可增强对流向的感知。对实验结果的含义进行了讨论,并外推到了许多准则中,这些准则可为3D矢量场可视化设计更具感知效果的字形。

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