TOXICITY OF AZINPHOSMETHYL ON DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER AND BUFO VIRIDIS

摘要

The acute 24-h effects of azinphosmethyl (AZM) on both Drosophila melanogaster and Bufo viridis representing terrestrial and aquatic organisms, respectively, were studied for testing the possible detrimental or lethal effects on target and non-target organisms. This xenobiotic increased the mortality ratio of test organisms in a concentration-dependent manner. AZM at 6.0 mg/L showed less than 35% mortality for D. melanogaster, while about 100% mortality was obtained at 15 mg/L. Similarly, lethality profile was determined for B. viridis tadpoles. Median lethal concentrations (LC_(50)) were found to be 6.83 mg/L and 6.57 mg/L for D. melanogaster and tadpoles of B. viridis, respectively. Effect of AZM on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carboxylesterase (CaE) activities of D. melanogaster and B. viridis was also tested to evaluate the toxicity, and this chemical showed different inhibitory characteristics on enzyme activity of these organisms. AChE and CaE activities of D. melanogaster decreased by 77% and 67%, respectively, depending upon 12 mg/L AZM exposure. Furthermore, inhibition of AChE and CaE activities of Bufo tadpoles at the highest AZM dose was 60 and 25 %, respectively.