Chemoprotective Effect of Monoisoamyl 2, 3-Dimercaptosuccinate (MiADMS) on Cytokines Expression in Cadmium Chloride Treated Human Lung Cells

摘要

Cadmium is commercially profitable element, but it causes toxicity in humans and animals leading to diseases in various organs. The main route of cadmium exposure to humans is through inhalation. Lungs respond to insult through secretion of cytokines. In this study, the chemoprotective effect of monoisoamyl 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinate (MiADMS) was evaluated on viability and cytokines expression in CdCl_2 treated human lung A549 cells by cytokine array. Cells were treated with 0, 50, 75, and 100 μM CdCl_2 alone, 300 μM MiADMS alone, and co-treated with 300 μM MiADMS and 75 μM CdCl_2 for 24 h. The viability was measured by crystal violet dye. The level of cytokines in the cells' lysate and cell culture medium was measured using Ray Biotech's Human Cytokine Array 6 in control cells, 75 μM CdCl_2 alone and MiADMS co-treated cells. Array results were validated by ELISA kit. The CdCl_2 caused a dose dependent decrease in cell viability, while MiADMS co-treatment resulted in a significant increase in viability of CdCl_2 treated cells. Morphology of the cells treated with CdCl_2 was destroyed, while MiADMS restored the lost shape in CdCl_2 treated cells. In addition, the cells co-treated with MiADMS and CdCl_2 showed modulation of cytokines expression in comparison to the CdCl_2 alone treated cells. The ELISA results showed the similar pattern of cytokine expression as Human Cytokine Array and validated the array results. These results clearly show the chemoprotective effect of MiADMS and suggest that MiADMS can be used as antidote at moderate dose against CdCl_2 toxicity.