The recast IED updates and merges seven pieces of existing legislation, notably directives on large combustion plants and Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC), the latter covering around 52,000 industrial and agricultural installations. The revision tightens emission limits for nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide and dust from power plants and large combustion installations in oil refineries and the metal industry. The IED emphasises the best available techniques (BAT) principle, calling for new plants to apply the cleanest available technology from 2012, four years earlier than initially proposed. Existing plants have to comply with this standard from 2016, although a transition period is foreseen.
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