Cost-optimal renovation and energy performance: Evidence from existing school buildings in the Alps

摘要

This paper reports a study of cost-optimal building renovation arrangements regarding the heating energy performance. The study is based on 8 different primary schools with different building ages and therefore different constructions. The schools are located in the Alps and thus in a region which is in the antagonism between high energy standards and particular climatic conditions. The calculation method is oriented on standard energy demand and life cycle cost methods. The results show that the cost-optimal performance is between a heating energy demand of 50 to 60 kW h/m(2) p.a. Furthermore the building age has a high effect on the results of the net present value. Also the investment costs of the different building renovation arrangements show a high effect on the results concerning the cost optimal renovation measurements. Where the insulation thicknesses of the envelope have proposed thicknesses of about 10-12 cm the windows only reach the highest U-value of 1.2 because of the higher investment costs. Also the heating energy system with their energy efficiency was considered in the study and the change into a more efficient system is proposed in every case. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.