Investigation of The Genotoxicity of Ponceau 4R in Drosophila Melanogaster Using the Smart Test and Effects of Some Plants Extracts Against the DNA Damage

摘要

In this study, genotoxic effects of Ponceau 4R (E 124) was investigated in vivo using Drosophila melanogaster Meigen in the laboratory experiments. The food coloring in 25‰, 50‰ and 75‰ concentrations were added to food medium of Drosophila during the larval stage and the mutant wing spot numbers were evaluated using the wing spot test, namely SMART (somatic mutation and recombination test). The food colourings are the food additives which are used for increasing the appearance of food and beverages. In SMART, mwh (multiple wing hair), flr3 (flare) and BdS (beader serrate) marker genes on the third largest chromosome of Drosophila are used. Genotoxic effects of the Ponceau 4R in the imaginal disc cells that will develop into the wing spot cells during the embryonic development of Drosophila heterozygous larvae and the genotypic changes caused by mutation or recombination in somatic cells also play a role in the formation of mutant spots in the wings (GRAF et al., 1984). The food coloring which is daily used in our many types of food induced mutant wing spots depend on the concentration in trans-heterozygous flies (mwh/flr3) and in balancer-heterozygous flies (mwh/TM3) in the medium (Chi-Square test; df=3, P0.05).