Increased tumor-associated macrophages in the prostate cancer microenvironment predicted patients’ survival and responses to androgen deprivation therapies in Indonesian patients cohort

摘要

BackgroundTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and microvessel density (MVD) play an essential role for tumor progression in prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we evaluated the association between TAMs, the infiltration with tumor angiogenesis and the response to androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) in PCa to evaluate TAM infiltration as a predictive factor for PCa survival.Materials and methodsFifty-four specimens were collected and stained with CD 68 antibody to investigated TAM infiltration in tumor. Von Willebrand factor?was stained to evaluate MVD?around the cancer foci. We assessed the association between patient's age, preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen, pathologic Gleason sum (GS), TAM infiltration, MVD, and the response to ADT for 5?years after PCa diagnosis.ResultsThe median TAM was observed in 28 (6-76)/high power field (x400). Increasing TAM correlated with increasing tumor angiogenesis (P?28) (P?=?0.003). TAM infiltration was significantly higher in those with higher serum prostate-specific antigen, higher GS, and metastasis. Multivariate analysis showed that GS, ADT type, and MVD number were significant prognostic factors for response to ADT in PCa (P?P?