Purpose. To evaluate the results in the use of different modes for alternating presentation of stimuli in the orthoptic treatment of strabismus in children. Material and methods. The study included 41 patients with a nonparalytic strabismus (30 children with esotropy and 11 children with exotropy) aged from 7 to 16 years. For additional studies of binocular functions, we used a modified Bagolini test and our own stereo-test created for the conditions of anaglyph separation of visual fields. During the first examination the results with all the used stereo-tests (the Flytest, the Lang-test, and the stereo image that we created) were negative. Besides to the static presentation of test images, three different modes of alternating presentation of stimuli were used: 1) with consecutive monocular presentation of visual stimuli corresponding to the right and left eye; 2) with the presence of an empty interval between monocular phases; 3) with the presence of a binocular phase between monocular phases. The duration of the monocular and binocular phases, as well as the empty interval, was regulated by the researcher. Depending on the results of the examination, an optimal mode of alternative presentation of stimuli for the orthoptic tr eatment was selected individually. Results. In the duration of the monocular phase 50 ms in combination with the duration of an empty interval 50 ms, the majority of children (32 of 41) with strabismus were able to have stereovision. As a result of orthoptic exercises, the number of patients capable of bifoveal fusion increased from 24.4% to 48.8%. Stereovision appeared in 39% of children according to the Fly-test and in some cases according to the Lang-test. In all children with moderate amblyopia the visual acuity increased on average from 0.23±0.01 to 0.52±0.05 (p0.001), in children with mild amblyopia the visual acuity increased on average from 0.66±0.02 to 0.93±0.01 (p0.001). A reduction of the strabismus angle or an elimination of postsurgical microdeviation occur in one-third of children. Conclusion. The proposed method for the study of binocular functions in patients with strabismus allows to evaluate the ability to the bifoveal fusion and stereo perception not only with static presentation of visual stimuli, but also with the use of different modes of their alternating presentation. The most favorable mode for the elimination of functional inhibition is the mode of alternating presentation of stimuli with the presence of an empty interval not less than 50 ms between the monocular phases, which are also not less than 50 ms. This mode with the combination of monocular phase duration and empty interval duration in the range from 30 to 60 ms creates the most favorable conditions for the appearance of the stereo effect in the majority of the patients. The use of optimal individually chosen regime of alternating presentation of the stimuli allows to improve significantly the binocular functions, to increase the visual acuity, and in some cases to reduce the angle of strabismus or to eliminate postsurgical microdeviations.
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机译：目的。为了评估使用不同模式的结果，以便在儿童斜视的牙齿静止中交替刺激刺激。材料与方法。该研究包括41名患者，患有来自7至16岁的非甲醛斜视（30名儿童和11名儿童）。对于对双目函数的额外研究，我们使用了修改的Bagolini测试和我们自己的立体声测试，为视野的胸角分离条件创建。在第一次考试期间，所有使用立体声测试（Flytest，Lang-Test以及我们创建的立体图像）的结果都是消极的。除了测试图像的静态呈现之外，使用了三种不同的刺激呈递方式：1）具有对应于右眼和左眼的可视刺激的连续单眼呈现; 2）在单眼阶段之间存在空间隔; 3）在单眼相之间存在双目相位。单眼和双目阶段的持续时间以及空间隔由研究人员调节。根据检查的结果，单独选择最佳替代刺激刺激的替代呈现模式。结果。在单像阶段50ms的持续时间内与空间隔50ms的持续时间组合，大多数儿童（32 of 41）与斜视能够具有立体吻探。由于畸形练习，能够双面融合的患者的数量从24.4％增加到48.8％。根据帆丸试验，立体吻养似乎在39％的儿童中出现了39％的儿童。在适度弱视的所有儿童中，视力平均增加0.23±0.01至0.52±0.05（PLT; 0.001），视力平均增加的温和弱视的儿童平均增加0.93±0.01（PLT; 0.001） 。在三分之一的儿童中发生了斜视角度或消除后勤微生物的消除。结论。斜视患者双目功能研究的方法允许评估双面融合和立体感知的能力，不仅具有视觉刺激的静态呈现，还可以使用不同模式的交替呈现。消除功能抑制的最有利模式是在单眼相之间存在空间隔不小于50ms的刺激的交替呈现的模式，这也不小于50ms。这种模式与30至60ms的单眼持续时间和空间隔持续时间相结合，为大多数患者的立体作用的外观产生最有利的条件。使用最佳单独选择的刺激呈现的制度允许显着提高双目功能，以增加视力，并且在某些情况下，以减少斜视角度或消除后勤微生物的角度。
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