HEMATOLOGICAL VARIABILITY ANALYSIS AFTER ROAD MARATHON VS ULTRATRAIL. PREDICTIVE FACTORS

摘要

The practice of long- and medium-distance races has exponentially increased the number of participants inrecent years. They are carried out under extreme conditions that cause both biochemical and anthropometricchanges in athletes and, in addition, have serious risks associated, such as dehydration, thermal disorders,or hypoglycemia. Knowledge regarding alterations at hematological level after this type of effort is limited.The objectives of this pre-post analytical descriptive observational study were: to describe and comparehematological values in amateur runners pre and post road marathon and ultratrail races, and to compare thehematological parameters between the groups in the two times analyzed by means of univariate descriptivestatistical analyses, intra-group pre-post comparisons (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test), and comparisons betweenthe groups (Mann-Whitney U Test). Effect size was calculated using Cohen’s D. An explanatory model(Multiple Logistic Regression) was created. Statistical significance was set at p<.05. The Wilcoxon test formarathon runners observed significant differences (p≤.001) in the white series. In ultratrail runners, theresults were similar, with significant differences (p≤.001) in the platelet series. The Mann-Whitney U testshowed the same pre-race hematological conditions for both groups, except for hematocrit and corpuscularvalues (p≤.001). Significant differences (p≤.001) were also found in the post-race leukocyte and neutrophilvalues. Significant differences in hematological parameters have been observed both between and withinthe groups. The differences with greater significance corresponded to the leukocyte series.