Estabilidade da microestrutura e do teor de carotenóides de pós obtidos da polpa de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) liofilizada

摘要

In this study, food powders obtained from the freeze-dried pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) pulps (internal mesocarp) were developed by adding alcohols (ethanol and isopropyl alcohol) in concentrations of 0, 5, and 10% and sugars (sucrose and fructose) in concentrations of 0, 5, and 10%. Microstructure analyses by photonic microscopy of the freeze-dried powders were used to evaluate the degree of crystallization. Color analyses using a Minolta colorimeter and the total carotenoid values using a spectrophotometer were also done. The results show that treatments with a sucrose and ethanol combination presented the formation of crystalline structures and the best preservation of the carotenoid contents. The higher the concentration of the alcohol added in the pre-treatments, the better preserved the caretenoids in the freeze- dried powders became. Treatments with fructose and isopropyl alcohol produced freeze- dried powders that were typically amorphous presenting caking phenomena. Pre-treatments with sucrose and ethanol are the solution to these problems since they are able to produce freeze-dried powders of the pequi pulp with physical chemical and microstructural stability.