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Receptive field properties of V1 and V2 neurons in amblyopic macaque monkeys revealed with local spectral reverse correlation

机译:弱视猕猴V1和V2神经元的感受野特性与局部光谱反向相关揭示

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Amblyopia is a visual disorder associated with disruptions of conjugate binocular vision in early life, which cause a loss in visual performance usually in one eye. Previous studies explored the neurophysiological basis of the amblyopic deficit using single-unit recordings, but the results incompletely explain the perceptual deficits. Advances in recording technology now allow us to examine activity simultaneously over larger areas of cortex. We recorded from V1 and V2 using 96-channel, multi-electrode arrays in anesthetized, amblyopic and control monkeys. Arrays were implanted in foveal and parafoveal cortex, recording single units and multiunit clusters representing eccentricities between 0.5?? and 5??. We characterized the response properties of the heterogeneous population of recorded neurons with local spectral reverse correlation (LSRC), a form of spike-triggered averaging (Nishimoto et al, J Neurosci 26:3269, 2006). We presented dense, ternary, dynamic white noise alternately to each eye in 5-min blocks. We reverse-correlated spike trains with the local 2D amplitude spectrum of the stimulus. On average, each array yielded 45 sites with significant spectra; we measured receptive field location, size, orientation and spatial frequency tuning, and eye dominance for each site. Neurons in amblyopic animals were dominated by the fellow eye, most strongly in the foveal representations. In anisometropes, sites driven by the fellow eye were tuned to higher spatial frequencies than those driven by the treated eye. In contrast, strabismic amblyopes and controls showed no difference in the distribution of preferred spatial frequencies between the eyes. Our multisite recordings allowed us to map the receptive field locations on the cortical surface in detail. We observed no differences in these maps among the tested animals or eyes. We conclude that the eye dominance and visual response properties of cortical neurons but not their retinotopic organization can be altered by experimental amblyopia.
机译:弱视是一种与生命早期共轭双目视觉中断相关的视觉障碍,通常会导致一只眼睛的视力下降。先前的研究使用单单元记录探索了弱视缺陷的神经生理学基础,但结果不能完全解释知觉缺陷。现在,记录技术的进步使我们能够同时检查较大皮质区域的活动。我们在麻醉,弱视和对照猴子中使用96通道多电极阵列从V1和V2记录。将阵列植入到中央凹和中央凹皮质中,记录代表偏心距在0.5 -6英寸之间的单个单元和多单元簇。和5 ??。我们用局部频谱反向相关性(LSRC)(一种峰值触发平均的形式)对记录的神经元异种种群的响应特性进行了表征(Nishimoto等人,J Neurosci 26:3269,2006)。我们以每5分钟一次的间隔交替地向每只眼睛展示了浓密的三元动态白噪声。我们将峰值序列与刺激的局部2D振幅谱反向关联。平均而言,每个阵列产生45个具有明显光谱的位点。我们测量了每个部位的感受野位置,大小,方向和空间频率调整,以及眼睛的主导地位。弱视动物的神经元由另一只眼睛主导,在中央凹表现中最为强烈。在屈光参差动物中,由另一只眼睛驱动的位点被调到比经治疗的眼睛驱动的位点更高的空间频率。相反,斜视性弱视和对照在眼睛之间优选空间频率的分布上没有差异。我们的多站点记录使我们能够在皮层表面上详细绘制感受野位置。我们在被测动物或眼睛之间未观察到这些图的差异。我们得出结论,实验性弱视可以改变皮质神经元的眼优势和视觉反应特性,但不能改变它们的视网膜组织。

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