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Low-Luminosity States of the Black Hole Candidate GX 339–4. II. Timing Analysis

机译:黑洞候选者GX 339-4的低发光度状态。二。时序分析

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Here we present timing analysis of a set of eight Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) observations of the black hole candidate GX 339-4 that were taken during its hard/low state. On long timescales, the RXTE All Sky Monitor data reveal evidence of a 240 day periodicity, comparable to timescales expected from warped, precessing accretion disks. On short timescales all observations save one show evidence of a persistent fQPO≈0.3 Hz quasi-periodic oscillation. The broadband (10-3 to 102 Hz) power appears to be dominated by two independent processes that can be modeled as very broad Lorentzian fits with Q1. The coherence function between soft and hard photon variability shows that if these are truly independent processes, then they are individually coherent, but they are incoherent with one another. This is evidenced by the fact that the coherence function between the hard and soft variability is near unity between 5 × 10?3 to 10 Hz but shows evidence of a dip at f≈1 Hz. This is the region of overlap between the broad Lorentzian fits to the power spectral density. As in Cyg X-1, the coherence also drops dramatically at frequencies 10 Hz. Also as in Cyg X-1, the hard photon variability is seen to lag the soft photon variability with the lag time increasing with decreasing Fourier frequency. The magnitude of this time lag appears to be positively correlated with the flux of GX 339-4. We discuss all of these observations in light of current theoretical models of both black hole spectra and temporal variability.
机译:在这里,我们介绍了黑洞候选GX 339-4在其硬/低状态期间进行的一组八个Rossi X射线定时资源管理器(RXTE)观测值的时序分析。在较长的时间尺度上,RXTE全天候监控器数据显示了240天周期的证据,可与弯曲的进动吸积盘预期的时间尺度相媲美。在较短的时间尺度上,所有观察结果除一项外都显示出持续的fQPO≈0.3Hz准周期振荡的证据。宽带(10-3至102 Hz)功率似乎由两个独立的过程控制,可以将它们建模为非常广泛的洛伦兹拟合与Q1。软性和硬性光子变异性之间的相干函数表明,如果这些是真正独立的过程,则它们是独立相干的,但彼此之间是不相干的。这由以下事实证明:硬性和软性变异之间的相干函数在5×10?3至10 Hz之间接近统一,但显示出在f≈1Hz处出现下降的迹象。这是广义的洛伦兹拟合与功率谱密度之间的重叠区域。与Cyg X-1一样,相干性在10 Hz频率下也会急剧下降。同样在Cyg X-1中,随着傅立叶频率的降低,滞后时间增加,硬光子变异性将滞后于软光子变异性。该时间滞后的幅度似乎与GX 339-4的流量呈正相关。我们根据黑洞频谱和时间变异性的当前理论模型讨论所有这些观察结果。

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