International cooperation has become critical in controllinginfectious diseases. In this article, I examine emerging trends ininternational law concerning global infectious disease control.The role of international law in horizontal and vertical gover-nance responses to infectious disease control is conceptual-ized; the historical development of international law regardinginfectious diseases is described; and important shifts in howstates, international institutions, and nonstate organizations useinternational law in the context of infectious disease controltoday are analyzed. The growing importance of internationaltrade law and the development of global governance mecha-nisms, most prominently in connection with increasing access todrugs and other medicines in unindustrialized countries, areemphasized. Traditional international legal approaches to infec-tious disease control—embodied in the International HealthRegulations—may be moribund
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