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Phenotypes and genotypes of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections from Mexico and the USA during 1999-2010

机译:从墨西哥和美国于1999-2010年间通过侵入性和非侵入性感染分离的耐红霉素化脓性链球菌菌株的表型和基因型

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Objective: To compare the prevalence, phenotypes, and genes responsible for erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from Mexico and the USA. Methods: Eighty-nine invasive and 378 non-invasive isolates from Mexico, plus 148 invasive, 21 non-invasive, and five unclassified isolates from the USA were studied. Susceptibilities to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin were evaluated according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards. Phenotypes of erythromycin resistance were identified by triple disk test, and screening for mefA, ermTR, and ermB genes was carried out by PCR. Results: All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin. Erythromycin resistance was found in 4.9% of Mexican strains and 5.2% of USA strains. Phenotypes in Mexican strains were 95% M and 5% cMLS; in strains from the USA, phenotypes were 33.3% iMLS, 33.3% iMLS-D, and 33.3% M. Erythromycin resistance genes in strains from Mexico were mefA (95%) and ermB (5%); USA strains harbored ermTR (56%), mefA (33%), and none (11%). In Mexico, all erythromycin-resistant strains were non-invasive, whereas 89% of strains from the USA were invasive. Conclusions: Erythromycin resistance continues to exist at low levels in both Mexico and the USA, although the genetic mechanisms responsible differ between the two nations. These genetic differences may be related to the invasive character of the S. pyogenes isolated.
机译:目的:比较墨西哥和美国的化脓性链球菌分离株的流行率,表型和引起红霉素耐药的基因。方法:研究了来自墨西哥的89个侵入性和378个非侵入性分离株,以及来自美国的148个侵入性,21个非侵入性和5个未分类的分离株。根据临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)标准评估了对青霉素,红霉素,克林霉素,头孢曲松和万古霉素的敏感性。通过三重圆盘试验鉴定了红霉素抗性的表型,并通过PCR进行了mefA,ermTR和ermB基因的筛选。结果:所有分离株均对青霉素,头孢曲松和万古霉素敏感。在4.9%的墨西哥菌株和5.2%的美国菌株中发现对红霉素的抗性。墨西哥菌株的表型为95%M和5%cMLS。在来自美国的菌株中,表型为33.3%iMLS,33.3%iMLS-D和33.3%M。来自墨西哥的菌株中的红霉素抗性基因为mefA(95%)和ermB(5%)。美国菌株携带ermTR(56%),mefA(33%)和无(11%)。在墨西哥,所有对红霉素都有抗药性的菌株都是非侵入性的,而来自美国的89%的菌株是侵入性的。结论:尽管两个国家的遗传机制不同,但墨西哥和美国的红霉素耐药性仍处于较低水平。这些遗传差异可能与化脓性链球菌的侵袭特性有关。

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