Prevalence of Candida Species in Oral Candidiasis and Correlation with CD4+ Count in HIV/AIDS Patients at Surabaya, Indonesia

摘要

Candida is most common opportunistic infection during Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. The clinical severity of candidiasis and Candida species prevalence may be a reflection of decreased CD4+ counts in HIV seropositive patients. To investigate the changing pattern of Candida species prevalence and its corelation with CD4+ count in HIV /AIDS patients at UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo 2014. The study was analytical observational research with cross-sectional and total sampling method. The samples consisted of 88 HIV/AIDS seropositive were being followed up at the service treated in UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from July-August 2014. HIV/AIDS Patients were recruited for Candida microbial screening and examined by Oral Medicine Specialist (n=5). Clinical specimens including oral swabs were collected to determine the clinical, immunological, and microbiological Candida species prevalence in HIV/AIDS seropositive cases. CD4+ count obtained from patient’s medical record. There were 68 cases of Oral Candidiasis (OC), 50 cases (73,53%) Pseudomembranous Candidiasis(PC), 9 cases (13,24%) Erythematous Candidiasis (EC), 1 case (1,47%) Denture Stomatitis (DS), 8 cases (11,76%) Chronic Hyperplastic Candidiasis (CHC). Candida species were identified. C. albicans (51%) was the most common species isolated followed by C. glabrata (19%), C. Dubliniensis (11.5%)., C. Krusei (10.5%), C. tropicalis (8%). OC was found to be significantly correlated with decreased CD4+ counts <200 cells/mm3 (p < 0.05). PC was the highest prevalence and C. albicans (50%) was the most common species isolated. OC was found to be significantly correlated with decreased CD4 cell counts.