Plasma Fatty Acids and Desaturase Activity Are Associated with Circulating Adiponectin in Healthy Adolescent Girls

摘要

Context: Adiponectin can be a potential predictor of future metabolic derangements and some preliminary evidence supports the role of dietary fat in influencing adiponectin levels thus, the dietary determinants of adiponectin were investigated.Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the association of adiponectin concentrations with plasma fatty acids and indices of endogenous fatty acid metabolism.Design: This was a cross-sectional descriptive analysis to investigative the determinants of adiponectin.Setting: All subjects were examined at a large tertiary care center located in Montre?al (Que?bec, Canada) between 2004 and 2006.Subjects: Subjects included 180 postpubertal, adolescent daughters (age range 13.6–17.3 yr) from a 15-yr retrospective cohort of mother-daughter pairs representing gestational diabetes mellitus affected (cases) and nonaffected (controls) pregnancies between 1989 and 1991.Main Outcome Measures: Plasma adiponectin concentrations, plasma fatty acids presented grouped by series name and as individual fatty acids (reported as percent of total), and calculated indices of fatty acid metabolism were measured.Results: In linear regression analyses, adjusting for both waist circumference and insulin measured 2 h after the onset of an oral glucose tolerance test, the docosahexaenoic acid sufficiency index (an indicator of docosahexaenoic acid status) and α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n -3) were significantly negatively associated ( P ≤ 0.05) with adiponectin. After accounting for dietary fat intake, these associations disappeared, indicating an effect of diet. However, the long-chain saturated fatty acid, lignoceric (C24:0), was positively associated ( P ≤ 0.05) and Δ9-18 desaturase activity (estimated from the ratio of 18:1 n -9/18:0) was significantly inversely ( P ≤ 0.01) associated with adiponectin concentrations.Conclusions: Adiponectin, an inverse marker of metabolic derangements, was associated with desaturase activity, indicating that possible functional alterations in fatty acid metabolism may already be present in young healthy adolescent females.