Modified salvage endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in a single functional kidney with refractory staghorn stone

摘要

Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) simultaneously combines flexible ureterorenoscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) to explore the pyelocaliceal system and aims at the one-access resolution of urolithiasis along the entire urinary tract.1 It is a practical option for the treatment of complex renal calculi.2 The major advantage of using simultaneous antegrade-retrograde therapy for complex renal calculi is the better stone-free rates by exploiting the full array of endourological armamentarium.