Rehabilitation Technology of Radioactive Sterile Dumps

摘要

One of the most aggressive pollution comes from mining. Large areas are negatively affected either by daily mining or by deposition of residues from the underground mining. The tailings from uranium mining which is disposed in the dumps from Baita, Baita Plai, Fintinele etc. have a significant negative impact on the environment. The disposal area of uranium tailings at Baiata Plai covers 60 ha. The measures of remediation process are: characterization of the contaminated areas, dump designing, the dump covering, dump fertilization and acid reaction correction, crop structures. By fertilization organic and mineral fertilizers are applied. By organic fertilization 100 t/ha of well decomposed animal manure or 70 t/ha of compost prepared from animal manure are applied. The mineral fertilization consists of applying 200 kg/ha of nitrogen (applied in 2-3 fractions), 150 kg/ha of phosphorus and 200 kg/ha of potassium. The quantity of potassium applied has to increase at 250 kg/ha, if animal manure is not applied. The different tested plants ( Lotus corniculatus, Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Bromus inermis, Festuca pratensis ) had a very good behavior on the covered dump, giving high yields, a high degree of land covering and a good protection against erosion. Best results would be obtained if the plants would be cultivated in a mixture (each of them with a weight of 20 %).