Problemas de acción colectiva en procesos de pacificación: oportunismo e instituciones

摘要

This article introduces what might be considered as a different approach to discus pacifications of countries affected by intra–state conflicts. Using the case of the process of pacification in El Salvador (1992–1994), I introduce several categories stemming from the new institutionalism in order to understand the role of institutions designed to tackle opportunism. The argument is that asymmetries of information and high transactions costs are particularly acute in postwar periods. This situation creates the ideal conditions and incentives for political actors to act opportunistically, which might derive in severe negative affectations of the peace agreements already in place. This is when the introduction of "rules of the game" designed specifically to tackle opportunism become critical for the success of a pacifications effort.