Saponin-enriched sea cucumber extracts exhibit an antiobesity effect through inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity and upregulation of LXR-β signaling

摘要

Abstract Context: Sea cucumbers have been consumed as tonic, food, and nutrition supplements for many years. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the antiobesity and lipid-lowering effects of sea cucumber extracts in in vitro and in vivo models and elucidate the mechanism of action of the extracts on obesity and dyslipidemia. Materials and methods: The 60% ethanol extracts from the body walls of 10 different sea cucumbers were investigated for the inhibition of pancreatic lipase (PL) activity in vitro. The optimal active extract (SC-3) was further chemically analyzed by LC-MS and UV. And 0.1% and 0.2% of SC-3 was mixed with a high-fat diet to treat C57/BL6 mice for 6 weeks or 2 weeks as preventive and therapeutic study. The body weight, serum, and liver lipid profile in the mice were investigated. Results: The crude extract of Pearsonothuria graeffei Semper (Holothuriidae) inhibited the PL activity by 36.44% of control at 0.5?μg/mL. SC-3 and echinoside A inhibited PL with an IC₅₀ value at 2.86?μg/mL and 0.76?μM. 0.1% of SC-3 reduced the body weight (23.0?±?0.62 versus 26.3?±?0.76 g), the serum TC (2.46?±?0.04 versus 2.83?±?0.12?mmol/L), TG (0.19?±?0.08 versus 0.40?±?0.03?mmo/L), and LDL-c (0.48?±?0.02 versus 0.51?±?0.02?mmol/L), and liver TC (1.19?±?0.17 versus 1.85?±?0.13?mmol/mg) and TG (6.18?±?0.92 versus 10.87?±?0.97?mmol/mg) contents of the obese C57BL/six mice on a high-fat diet. Discussion and conclusion: Sea cucumber may be used for developing antiobesity and antihyperlipidemia drugs.