Distally Based Sural Artery Flap: A workhorse to cover the soft tissue defects of lower 1/3 Tibia and Foot

摘要

Objective: To present our experience of soft tissue cover of lower one third of tibia and foot, treated by an Orthopaedic Surgeon without any special training and reliability of this flap. Patients and Methods: Eleven patients, ten males and one female, with soft tissue defect of lower one third tibia and foot requiring soft tissue cover were treated from March 1999 to February 2004. The flap was outlined at the posterior aspect of junction of upper and middle 1/3 leg. The pivot point of the pedicle was at least 5cm i.e., 3 fingers’ breadth above the lateral mallelous to allow anastomosis with the peroneal artery. Skin incision was started along the line in which the fascial pedicle would be taken. The subdermal layer was dissected to expose the sural nerve, accompanying superficial sural vessels and short saphenous vein. The subcutaneous fascial pedicle was elevated, with a width of 2cm to include the nerve and these vessels. At the proximal margin of the flap, the nerve and the vessels were ligated and severed. The skin island was elevated with the deep fascia. The donor site defect was closed directly when the flap was less than 3cm wide. A larger donor site defect along with the pedicle was covered with a split thickness skin graft. Results: All flaps except one survived. Most flaps showed slight venous congestion which cleared in a few days. There was no loss of split skin graft. Conclusion: Distally based Sural artery flap remains the choice for reconstruction of soft tissue defects of lower 1/3 tibia and foot. The dissection is easy, quicker and can be done by an Orthopaedic surgeon without any special training.