A Comprehensive Analysis Through Innovation Systems, National R&D Approaches and Design Support Programs

摘要

In many countries, the transformation process of ideas and inventions in high and low technology industries into products having perceptible utilities by specialized programs, are being supported by governments. Technology development and innovation policies that are designed in the light of these efforts frequently contain invention, R&D, product development and innovation processes that have important roles in design activity. This research collates various national apprehensions and attempts considering the interaction between design, innovation and R&D activities under the sway of technological changes and social trends through the 20~(th)century. Exploring the common senses attributing the subject activities by striking popular definitions and experiences, actual and eligible deductions are ensured. The study shows that national level attempts are carrying on their continuous evolutions for the satisfaction of the constantly changing requirements of societies. The success displays of many developed countries point out that innovation process have entirely adapted to national policy structures through the aim of increasing the national competition level, R&D can be betrayed as a fundamental activity supporting innovation and design could be defined as a genuine and central component and a basic competitive factor of innovation process.