Epidemiological, Clinical and Evolutive Profile of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) in Togo

摘要

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary profile of ADPKD in Togo. Methods: A retrospective descriptive transversal study over a period of 8 years (2011-2018) which focused on the analysis of patients’ records diagnosed with ADPKD. The diagnosis of ADPKD was retained on the basis of the ultrasound criteria of PEI. Results: During the study period, 27 patients had polycystic kidney disease with a prevalence of 0.87%. The average age was 51.6 ± 16.4 years. There were 10 men (37%) and 17 women (63%), a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.58. The concept of family cystic kidney disease was found in 6 (22.2%) patients. The clinical presentations were dominated by arterial high blood pressure, abdominal pain and abdominal mass respectively in 77%, 63% and 63% of cases. Five patients (18.5%) had a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) greater than 90 ml/min, 17 (62.9%) had a GFR < 60 ml/min. All patients (100%) had multiple renal cysts, 16 patients (59.3%) had dedifferentiated kidneys. Six patients (22.2%) had liver cysts, one patient (3.7%) had lithiasis. Genetic was not achieved because of the poor technical platform and the high cost of these tests. Conclusion: ADPKD is common in our department. It appears to be associated with a high rate of chronic renal failure.