Dexmedetomidine in anesthesia of children submitted to videolaparoscopic appendectomy: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled study

摘要

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the hemodynamic responses to nociceptive stimuli in children submitted to videolaparoscopic appendectomy under balanced anesthesia with isoflurane and dexmedetomidine. METHODS: Randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study involving 26 children submitted to videolaparoscopic appendectomy carried out at Hospital S?o Lucas (PUCRS) between May 2004 and February 2005. Patients were assigned to two groups: (a) Dexmedetomidine group (n=13): infusion of 1μg/kg over 10 minutes and maintenance dose of 0.5μg/kg/h) as an adjuvant to inhaled isoflurane anesthesia; (b) Control group (n=13): normal saline infusion at a similar rate and volume of the dexmedetomidine infusion. During the different surgical and anesthetic periods, groups were compared regarding heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressures as well as need of supplemental fentanyl infusion. Student's t test, ANOVA, and Finner's procedure were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: During the strongest nociceptive stimuli (airway access and abdominal catheter placement), the heart rate and systolic blood pressure increased significantly (p