Spatial temporal variability of electrical conductivity of groundwater in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil

摘要

Irrigation, when poorly managed, can cause soil and groundwater degradation by increasing the salinization risk. This problem is evident in semiarid regions, where the physico-climatic characteristics contribute to enhance the problem. One of the main variables used to measure the soluble salts concentration in irrigation water and soil is the electrical conductivity. This work aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of electrical conductivity of groundwater for irrigation in a semiarid rural settlement in the State of Pernambuco. Descriptive statistics and geostatistical techniques have been applied to identify patterns of variability and spatial dependence of electrical conductivity aiming to map the groundwater salinity. It was found that the electrical conductivity has medium to high variability, with moderate spatial dependence, that the soil texture and rainfall influence the spatial and temporal variation of the electrical conductivity, which has increased over the years in the study area.