Entrance Surface Air Kerma for Skull, Pelvis and Abdomen X-ray Examinations in Some Diagnostic Radiology Facilities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

摘要

This study estimates entrance surface air kerma(ESAK) for Skull, Pelvis and Abdomen X-ray examinations in selected diagnostic radiology facilities in AkwaIbom State, Nigeria.Eight (8) facilities in eight hospitals were investigated.Six hundred and thirty threeadult patients who presented for these examinations under study were investigated. Gender distribution shows that 263 (41.5%) were males while 370 (58.5%) were females.For skull examination the calculated ESAK range was between 0.07 to 0.57 mGy for males and females patient respectively, ESAK range of 0.03 to 0.28 mGy for males and females respectively in pelvis examination while in abdominal examination the ESAK for male varied between 0.05 to 1.16 mGy and 0.04 to 0.73 mGy for female patients. Mean organ doses indicate that the eyes absorbed a dose of 10.19 mGy,the gonads absorbed the highest dose, uterus and prostate gland absorbed 0.43 mGy and 0.33 mGy respectively. Liver absorbed 1.51 mGy, ovaries, 2.62 mGy, testes, 0.08 mGy. The meaneffective dose (ED) range of 0.02 - 0.11 mSv in skull examination while ED for pelvis and abdomen examinations ranges are (0.07 - 0.52) mSv and (0.78 - 5.37) mSv respectively. The evaluated cancer incidence and mortality risks were very low and minimal.