Multicenter observational study of risk factors profile in a sample of Egyptian Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (part of Egyptian Cardiovascular Risk Factors Project)

摘要

The aim of the study was to assess the pattern of risk factors of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in different age groups and sex categories. Background ACS refers to a spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from those for ST ? segment elevation myocardial infarction to presentations found in non ? ST?segment elevation myocardial infarction or in unstable angina and our study focus on ST?segment elevation myocardial infarction and non?ST?segment elevation myocardial infarction. Patients and methods: This is a prospective, observational, noncontrolled study including 100 patients with ACS who were admitted at Mahalla Cardiac Center from MAY 2016 to JULY 2018. The patients were classified into four groups according to age: patients younger than 45 years, patients between 45 and 55 years, patients between 55 and 64 years, and patients aged 65 years or older. Further, a comparison was made between male and female patients. Results: There was a significant difference between the studied groups as regards the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and cigarette smoking and positive family history of premature CAD, with no significant difference as regards previous cardiac events. Regarding to hypertension. Our study showed increased levels of TGs, BMI, waist circumference, increased total cholesterol, LDL and decreased HDL was higher in hypertensive than non-hypertensive with statistically significant difference between both groups. Regarding to diabetes mellitus. Our study showed that there was statistical significant difference between both diabetic and non-diabetic patients regarding to total cholesterol, LDL, TGs, waist circumference and low HDL> Conclusion: The youngest patients had a higher incidence of smoking, were mostly male, had a positive family istory of premature CAD, a low BMI, and had a poor lipid profile compared with other groups. In contrast, they had a lower incidence of other risk factors as diabetes, HTN, and low high? density lipoprotein values. The oldest patients (group 4) had the lowest incidence of some risk factor as DM, HTN, smoking, total cholesterol (TCh), low low?density lipoprotein levels, waist circumference, and BMI, which gave rise to the suspicion that age alone is an important risk factor for CAD. Our study showed that there was no statistical significant difference between male and female regarding to the risk factors DM, HTN, smoking.