Malignant tumors of the larynx: Clinicopathologic profile and implication for late disease presentation

摘要

Background: Malignant laryngeal tumors are uncommon. Late presentation of the disease may worsen management outcomes. We described theepidemiologic, clinicopathologic profile, and management outcomes of laryngeal tumors in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. Materials andMethods: An 11-year retrospective review of medical records of patients managed for malignant laryngeal tumor at the University CollegeHospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, was performed. Results: There were 97 patients comprising 74 (76.3%) males and 23 (23.7%) females with a meanage of 60.48 ± 12.15 years. The mean duration of illness was 7.3 ± 3.8 months. History of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption was in2.1% and 14.4% patients, respectively. The most common clinical presentations were hoarseness, cough, and dyspnea. Transglottis (91.8%) wasthe most common anatomic tumor location and 92.8% patients presented in advanced disease stage. Four histologic types were identified withsquamous cell carcinoma accounting for 96.9%. About 92% patients had emergency tracheostomy and 56 (57.7%) patients had totallaryngectomy. The postoperative complications were pharyngocutaneous fistula (5.2%) and peristomal recurrence (3.1%). The 5-year survival ratewas 52.5%. Conclusions: Malignant laryngeal tumors are uncommon, but more females are getting the disease. Squamous cell carcinoma is themost common histologic variant. Late stage disease presentation and initial wrong diagnosis contributed to the poor management outcome.