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Environmental Factors Shape Water Microbial Community Structure and Function in Shrimp Cultural Enclosure Ecosystems

机译:虾养殖圈养生态系统中环境因素影响水微生物群落结构和功能

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The effects of environmental factors on water microbial communities have been extensively studied, but little is known about the effects in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems. We analyzed 16S rRNA gene amplicons to determine the principal environmental factors that shape the structure and function of microbial communities in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems from Guangdong and Hainan provinces, in China. High quality sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the 97% similarity level, generating 659–1,835 OTUs per sample. The 10 most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Chlorobi, Chloroflexi, and Chlamydiae. The results of canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) indicated that salinity, total phosphate (TP), total nitrogen (TN), temperature, and pH were the most important factors shaping microbial community structure. Differences in microbial community structure between high and low salinity samples were explained by changes in the relative abundances of some OTUs (e.g., OTU5, OTU19, OTU21, OTU39, and OTU71). Moreover, the contribution of spatial distribution to the microbial community assembly was investigated via aggregated boosted tree (ABT) analyses, and the results indicated spatial isolation was not a major factor affecting the phylogenetic diversity and phylotypes of water microbial communities. Furthermore, we predicted water microbial community functional profiling using the PICRUSt program and principal component analyses (PCA) suggested that salinity was a major contributor to the structure and function of the microbial communities. Collectively, these results showed that environmental factors influenced the structure and function of water microbial communities, while salinity was the principal environmental factor instead of temperature, TP, TN, and pH in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems.
机译:已经广泛研究了环境因素对水微生物群落的影响,但对虾养殖圈养生态系统的影响知之甚少。我们分析了16S rRNA基因扩增子,以确定影响中国广东和海南省对虾养殖圈养生态系统中微生物群落结构和功能的主要环境因素。高质量序列以97%的相似度聚类为操作分类单位(OTU),每个样品产生659–1,835个OTU。前10个最丰富的门系是变形杆菌,拟杆菌,蓝细菌,放线菌,放线菌,疣状微生物,硬毛,Chlorobi,Chloroflexi和衣原体。典范对应分析(CCA)结果表明,盐度,总磷酸盐(TP),总氮(TN),温度和pH是影响微生物群落结构的最重要因素。高盐度样品和低盐度样品之间的微生物群落结构差异可以通过某些OTU(例如OTU5,OTU19,OTU21,OTU39和OTU71)相对丰度的变化来解释。此外,通过聚集助推树(ABT)分析研究了空间分布对微生物群落组装的贡献,结果表明空间隔离不是影响水微生物群落系统发育多样性和系统型的主要因素。此外,我们使用PICRUSt程序预测了水微生物群落功能分析,主成分分析(PCA)表明盐度是微生物群落结构和功能的主要贡献者。总体而言,这些结果表明,环境因素影响着水微生物群落的结构和功能,而盐度是对虾养殖圈养生态系统中的主要环境因素,而不是温度,TP,TN和pH。

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