DNA methylation assessment as a prognostic factor in invasive breast cancer using methylation-specific multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification

摘要

DNA methylation of promoter regions is a common molecular mechanism for inactivation of tumor suppressorgenes that participates in carcinogenesis. Determining the methylation status of genes in cancer and their associationwith clinical features play an essential role in early diagnosis, prognosis and determine appropriate treatmentfor patients. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the methylation of tumor suppressor genes inpatients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Furthermore, we evaluated the association between clinical parametersand DNA methylation as a biomarker in diagnostic IDC patients. The methylation-specific multiplexligation dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) assay was used to analyze the methylation profile of 24genes in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from 75 patients with IDC. Each of the patientsshowed a distinctive methylation profile. We observed higher methylation in the RASSF1 (48 %), CDH13(44 %) and GSTP1 (36 %) genes. Some of the methylated genes were associated with clinical features. Methylationof GSTP1 (P=0.028) and RASSF1 (P=0.012) were related with lymph node metastasis. Methylation ofGSTP1 (P=0.005) was associated with high histological grade. Moreover, concurrent methylation of GSTP1 andCDH13 was observed in IDC patients (p<0.001). Hierarchical cluster analysis based on the methylation profilerevealed two main clusters of patients, the highly methylated cluster being significantly associated with highhistological grade and lymph node metastasis. The results of this study indicate that the methylation status ofRASSF1 and CDH13 and GSTP1 can be a prognostic marker to better management of IDC patients.