ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF INDONESIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS EXTRACTS ON PLANKTONIC AND BIOFILM GROWTH OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

摘要

Objective: The increasing rates of antibiotic-resistant microbial infections requires continuous development of new antimicrobial agents. Moreover, microbial biofilms exhibit elevated resistance to most antimicrobial drugs and the host defense systems, which often results in persistent and difficult-to-treat infections. The discovery of anti-infective agents which are active against both planktonic and biofilm microbial are consequently required to deal with these biofilm-mediated infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the activity of Indonesian medicinal plants extracts on planktonic and biofilm growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I. Methods: Fifty four (54) ethanol extracts were obtained from a variety of known Indonesian medicinal plants. The growth inhibitory concentration (MIC), effects on biofilm formation and biofilm breakdown, and biofilm architecture in the absence and presence of the extracts by confocal laser-scanning microscopy along with LIVE/DEAD staining was performed. Results: Plantextracts showed an inhibitory effect on planktonic growth of these bacteria and also on their biofilm formation. At a concentration as low as 0.12 mg/ml, biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1 and S. aureus Cowan I is inhibited by 5 plant ethanol extracts: Kaempferia rotunda L., Caesalpinia sappan L., Cinnamomum burmanii Nees ex Bl., C. sintoc and Nymphaea nouchali Burm. f. Limited bacteriostatic activity was evident. Conclusion: The results clearly indicate the extracts obtained are interesting sources of putative antibiofilm agents. This research can contribute to the development of new strategies to prevent and treat biofilm infections. Keywords : Medicinal plants, Antibiofilm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I.