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A Comparison of Traffic Performance in Highly Congested Urban Areas

机译:高度拥挤地区的交通性能比较

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Each year, traffic conditions continue to worsen around the world due to growing populations, denser concentrations in urban areas, and deteriorating road conditions. Traffic congestion contributes to negative outcomes on every scale of the economy -- global greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric pollution, millions of dollars lost annually in commute times and vehicle repairs, and even stress-related health problems on the individuals affected. Of the ten major cities in USA that have the highest levels of congestion and impacted travel times, six are located in the western region of the country. This paper will analyze the contributing factors such as travel distance, urban and commuter populations, and public transportation utilization to correlate their effects on overall commute time, congestion percentages and costs, and the health impacts on the communities in those six cities. It is observed that these factors that contribute to congestion levels are interdependent, and therefore cannot be individually isolated for study. It is for this reason that a Data Envelopment Analysis approach was utilized to analyze the traffic system performances and their relative efficiency, in order to determine which cities perform better than others and for what reasons. However, it was discovered that all six cities perform the same, for good or bad, yielding a relative efficiency, E, of 1.0 each, implying that there is no distinguishing feature or pattern of any one city over another, as related to traffic performance.
机译:每年,由于人口增长,城市地区人口密集和道路状况恶化,全球交通状况继续恶化。交通拥堵在经济的各个方面都会带来负面影响,包括全球温室气体排放和大气污染,通勤时间和车辆维修每年损失数百万美元,甚至给受影响的个人带来与压力有关的健康问题。在美国十个拥堵程度最高,旅行时间受影响最大的主要城市中,有六个位于美国西部地区。本文将分析诸如出行距离,城市和通勤人口以及公共交通利用等影响因素,以将其对通勤时间,拥堵百分比和成本的影响以及对这六个城市社区的健康影响进行关联。可以观察到,这些导致拥塞程度的因素是相互依赖的,因此不能单独进行研究。出于这个原因,使用数据包络分析方法来分析交通系统的性能及其相对效率,以确定哪些城市比其他城市表现更好以及出于什么原因。但是,我们发现,六个城市无论表现好坏都表现相同,其相对效率E均为1.0,这意味着与交通绩效相关的任何一个城市都不存在与众不同的特征或模式。

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