Anticancer Activity of Allium sativum (Bulb) Polyphenolic Compound

摘要

Flutamide (FM) is a nonsteroidal anti-androgen used for treatment of prostate cancer. Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a significant factor in detoxification and protection against different toxins. The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of VD3 against FM-induced genotoxicity. Sperm shape abnormalities, sister chromatid exchanges (SCE's) and gene expression were used to assess FM-induced genotoxicity and to evaluate the protective effects of VD3. Mice were orally treated with FM at doses 26, 52 and 78 mg/kg b.wt./day for 28 days. VD3 was simultaneously administered at a dose of 0.13 μg/kg b.wt. with the highest dose of FM. The percentages of sperm abnormalities were statistically and dose-dependent increased in 7, 14, 21 and 35 days after treatment with FM. Concurrent administration of VD3 significantly reduced this percentage. These findings provide evidence that FM significantly affect different stages of spermatogenesis and that the most affected stage is the late spermatide. Treatment with FM significantly and dose-dependently increased the percentage of SCE's and the co-administration of VD3 with FM significantly reduced this percent by 36.72. The results show that there was a significant decrease in the expression level of AR, GR and LDH-C mRNA in FM groups. However, treatment with VD3 resulted in a significant (p<0.05) increase in the expression level of the examined genes. As well as, treatment of VD3 with FM significantly (p<0.05) up regulated the expression of the three genes.