Physiological Peculiarities of Erythrocytes’ Rheological Characteristics in Persons of the Second Mature Age at the Start of Regular Exercises after Lasting Hypodynamia

摘要

Introduction: Rheological characteristics of erythrocytes mostly determine the processes of microcirculation and metabolism in tissues. Investigation of their peculiarities in untrained people who began regular adequate exercises, can help to understand rehabilitation mechanisms after hypodynamia. Aim: To determine the changes of erythrocytes’ microrheological properties in those persons of the second mature age who had avoided exercises earlier and then began regular athletic training. Materials and Methods of Research: The group of observation was composed of 45 healthy people of both sexes of the second mature age who had avoided physical loads earlier and began regular exercises in the athletic section thrice a week. The 1st control group was composed of 42 people of both sexes of the same age who had regularly trained in the athletics section thrice a week for not less than 10 years. The 2nd control group was composed of 46 people who had daily walked not less than 6 km in the course of the last 10 years. There was applied biochemical, hematological and statistical methods of investigation. Results: The start of regular exercises in persons with hypodynamia was accompanied by quantity lowering of acylhydroperoxides in their plasma in 3 months of observation by 14.8%, and in 6 months – by 23.4% reaching the level of both control groups. It took place against the background of strengthening of their antioxidant plasma activity in 6 months by 10.2%. During 6 months of physical training the group of observation was noted to have imbalance decrease of arachidonic acid metabolites: the level of thromboxane B₂ in their plasma lowered by 10.7% and the level of 6-keto-prostaglandin F_1α increased by 8.7%. It was accompanied by increase of nitric oxide metabolites by 8.9% in their plasma. Erythrocytes of persons from the group of observation in the course of 6 months were noted to have lowering of cholesterol level by 9.1% and acylhydroperoxides by 19.9% at the rise of common phospholipids in them by 6.2%. In 6 months the group of observation was noted to have the increase of erythrocytes-discocytes by 8.2% at quantity lowering of erythrocytes’ reversibly and irreversibly modified forms by 18.5% and in 2.1 times, respectively. At the same time, to the end of observation they were found to have the lowering of erythrocytes’ involvement into aggregates by 17.3% and the quantity of these aggregates by 39.3% at the increase of free erythrocytes by 13.5%. Conclusion: Persons of the second mature age who began regular exercises after lasting hypodynamia are characterized by gradual improvement of erythrocytes’ microrheological properties reaching the level of control groups.