Prevalence and Associated Risk Factor for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Southwestern Ethiopia: A Three-Year Retrospective Study

摘要

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of mortality among infectious diseases worldwide and 95% of TB cases and 98% of deaths due to tuberculosis occur in developing countries. Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem, responsible for ill health among millions of people each year, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. The study was aimed to identify the prevalence and associated risk factor of pulmonary TB patient in Woliso Town. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data and logistic regression was applied to check the association between the dependent and independent variables. A total of 547 TB patients were included from hospital records. Majority of the patients were female (59.6%) and rural residents (67.2%). In addition, clinical record of the patients showed that more than half (66.6%) and 181 (33.1%) were PTB~- and PTB~+ patients, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression result, there was significant effect on the prevalence of PTB being female (P=0.00), age between 31-45 year (p=0.03), age between 46-60 year (p=0.00), weight found between 41-61kg (p=0.015), rural residence (p=0.03), married patient (p=0.014) and relapse (p=0.000). The findings show that the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was high. The study also indicates that sex, age, residence, marital status, weight, and, condition of relapsing had significant effect on prevalence of PTB.