Detection of circulating cells in prostatic cancer by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of prostate specific antigen and prostate specific membrane antigen

摘要

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer mortalityin men [1]. Under-staging of clinically localized PCa is common, and insome cases reaches 50% due to the inadequacy of current staging modalitiesin terms of accurate determination of the local extent of this disease[2, 3, 4]. An important proportion of these patients are recurring withinthe first decade after prostatectomy [5]. These recurrences are attributedto presence, even pre-operatively, of locally invasive, circulating, or distantmicrometastatic tumor cells, which are not detectable by conventionalstaging modalities [6, 7]. Thus, new defining reliable staging modalities arerequired for accurate staging of PCa to adapt appropriate treatment. It hasbeen known that haematogenous dissemination of tumor cells occurs incancer as well as in vivo models [8]. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chainreaction (RT-PCR) is a sensitive and useful method for detecting the presenceof a specific cell type such as those cells that tumor-specific mRNA.RT-PCR PSA and PSMA have been shown to be both tumor and prostatespecific [9]. The aim of this study is to compare clinical stages of the prostatecancer patients with PSA and PSMA results of cells in serum of thesepatients achieved by RT-PCR method and to search to what degree this canpredict distant metastasis and lymph node invasion