Effects of ovariectomy and resistance training on lipid content in skeletal muscle, liver, and heart; fat depots; and lipid profile

摘要

Cette e ´tude se propose d’analyser les effets de l’entraı ˆnement a ` la force sur le contenu lipidique du muscle sque-nlettique, du foie et du cœur ainsi que sur les re ´serves de graisse et le profil lipidique de rats ovariectomise ´s. Des ratesnadultes Wistar sont re ´parties dans quatre groupes de dix individus : se ´dentaires (Sed-intact), se ´dentaires et ovariectomise ´esn(Sed-Ovx), entraı ˆne ´es a ` la force (ChronicEx-intact), entraı ˆne ´es a ` la force et ovariectomise ´es (ChronicEx-Ovx). Le pro-ngramme d’entraı ˆnement a ` la force d’une dure ´e de 12 semaines consiste a ` monter, avec des poids attache ´sa ` la queue, surnune e ´chelle de 1,1 m place ´ea ` la verticale. A ` tous les 3 jours les rats effectuent une se ´ance comprenant 4 a ` 9 monte ´es etnpre ´sentant chacune de 8 a ` 12 mouvements dynamiques. L’ovariectomie augmente le contenu lipidique du foie, du cœur,ndu muscle et des re ´serves de graisse. L’ovariectomie augmente l’index athe ´roge `ne et modifie ne ´gativement le profil lipi-ndique. L’entraı ˆnement a ` la force diminue le contenu lipidique du foie, du sole ´aire, du jambier ante ´rieur, des re ´serves dengraisse (me ´sente `re et re ´trope ´ritoine) et du profil lipidique, et ce, inde ´pendamment de l’activite ´ hormonale des ovaires. Cesnobservations re ´ve `lent les effets be ´ne ´fiques potentiels de l’entraı ˆnement a ` la force afin de contro ˆler les effets de l’ovariec-ntomie sur les re ´serves de graisse, le profil lipidique et le contenu lipidique des tissus.%The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on skeletal muscle lipid con-ntent, liver lipid content, heart lipid content, fat depots, and lipid profile in ovariectomized rats. Wistar adult female ratsnwere divided into 4 groups (n = 10 per group): sedentary (Sed-Intact), sedentary ovariectomized (Sed-Ovx), strengthntrained (ChronicEx-intact), and strength trained ovariectomized (ChronicEx-Ovx). A 12-week strength-training period wasnused, during which the animals climbed a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. The sessions were per-nformed once every 3 days, with 4–9 climbs and 8–12 dynamic movements per climb. Ovariectomy increased liver lipidncontent and fat depots, and heart and muscle lipid content. There was an increase in the atherogenic index and a negativenchange in lipid profile because of the ovariectomy. Resistance training decreased lipid content in the liver, soleus, and ti-nbialis anterior, decreased fat depots (mesenteric and retroperitoneal), and changed the lipid profile, independently of ovar-nian hormone status. These results indicate the potential benefits of resistance training as an alternative strategy to controlnthe effects of ovariectomy on fat depot, lipid profile, and tissue lipid content.