Repeated-sprint ability in professional and amateur soccer players

摘要

Cette e ´tude analyse l’aptitude a ` re ´pe ´ter un sprint (RSA) et les ajustements physiologiques au cours d’un test dencourse intermittente de forte intensite ´ (HIT), au consommation d’oxygene maximale (VO2max)eta ` la cine ´tique du consom-nmation d’oxygene (VO2) chez des joueurs de soccer professionnel (N = 12) et amateur (N = 11) de niveau diffe ´rent. Onne ´value la relation entre ces variables et la performance au RSA. Le temps moyen consacre ´ au RSA (RSAmean) et la dimi-nnution de performance au RSA sont corre ´le ´s aux ajustements physiologiques au HIT ([La–], r = 0,66 et 0,77; [HCO3n–],nr = –0,71 et –0,75; [H+], r = 0,61 et 0,73; toutes a ` p < 0,05), au VO2max (r = –0,45 et –0,65, p < 0,05) et a ` la constantende temps (t) dans la cine ´tique du VO2 (r = 0,62 et 0,62, p < 0,05). Le VO2 max ne varie pas en fonction du niveau de jeun(58,5 ± 4,0 mLu0002kg–1u0002min–1 comparativement a ` 56,3 ± 4,5 mLu0002kg–1u0002min–1; p = 0,227). Cependant, les joueurs professionnelsnpre ´sentent une meilleure RSAmean (7,17 ± 0,09 s comparativement a ` 7,41 ± 0,19 s; p = 0,001), un plus faible taux sanguinnde lactate (5,7 ± 1,5 mmolu0002L–1 comparativement a ` 8,2 ± 2,2 mmolu0002L–1; p = 0,004), une plus faible concentration sanguinend’ions d’hydroge `ne (46,5 ± 5,3 mmolu0002L–1 comparativement a ` 52,2 ± 3,4 mmolu0002L–1; p = 0,007) et une plus forte concentra-ntion sanguine de bicarbonate (20,1 ± 2,1 mmolu0002L–1 comparativement a ` 17,7 ± 1,7 mmolu0002L–1; p = 0,006) apre `s le HIT et unnplus bref t en ce qui concerne la cine ´tique du VO2 (27,2 ± 3,5 s comparativement a ` 32,3 ± 6,0 s; p = 0,019). D’apre `s cesnobservations, les joueurs de soccer professionnel se de ´marquent des joueurs de soccer amateur en ce qui concerne la per-nformance au RSA, les ajustements physiologiques au HIT et la t. De plus, la performance au RSA est corre ´le ´eaunVO2max,a ` t et a ` des variables donne ´es dans le test de course intermittente de forte intensite ´.%This study investigated the repeated-sprint ability (RSA) physiological responses to a standardized, high-inten-nsity, intermittent running test (HIT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetics in male soccernplayers (professional (N = 12) and amateur (N = 11)) of different playing standards. The relationships between each ofnthese factors and RSA performance were determined. Mean RSA time (RSAmean) and RSA decrement were related to thenphysiological responses to HIT (blood lactate concentration ([La–]), r = 0.66 and 0.77; blood bicarbonate concentrationn([HCO3n–]), r = –0.71 and –0.75; and blood hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]),r = 0.61 and 0.73; all p < 0.05), VO2maxn(r = –0.45 and –0.65, p < 0.05), and time constant (t)in VO2 kinetics (r = 0.62 and 0.62, p < 0.05). VO2max was not dif-nferent between playing standards (58.5 ± 4.0 vs. 56.3 ± 4.5 mLu0002kg–1u0002min–1; p = 0.227); however, the professional playersndemonstrated better RSAmean (7.17 ± 0.09 vs. 7.41 ± 0.19 s; p = 0.001), lower [La–] (5.7 ± 1.5 vs. 8.2 ± 2.2 mmolu0002L–1;np = 0.004), lower [H+] (46.5 ± 5.3 vs. 52.2 ± 3.4 mmolu0002L–1; p = 0.007), and higher [HCO3n–] (20.1 ± 2.1 vs. 17.7 ±n1.7 mmolu0002L–1; p = 0.006) after the HIT, and a shorter t in VO2 kinetics (27.2 ± 3.5 vs. 32.3 ± 6.0 s; p = 0.019). These re-nsults show that RSA performance, the physiological response to the HIT, and t differentiate between professional- and am-nateur-standard soccer players. Our results also show that RSA performance is related to VO2 max, t, and selectednphysiological responses to a standardized, high-intensity, intermittent exercise.