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  • 1.

    【2hr】The effect of coronal prosthetic alignment changes on socket reactionmoments, spatiotemporal parameters, and perception of alignment during gait inindividuals with transtibial amputation

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    机译 冠状假体排列方式改变对承窝反应的影响步，时空参数和步态对准的感知经胫截肢的个人
    摘要：IntroductionThe alignment of a prosthesis is clinically determined based on observations by clinicians and the subjective perception of amputees during gait. However, this process has been reported to be unreliable. Socket reaction moment has been reported to be significantly impacted by alignment changes, but the impact of these alignment changes on other gait parameters is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coronal alignment changes of a transtibial prosthesis on socket reaction moment, spatiotemporal parameters, and perceptions of alignment during gait in amputees.
  • 2.

    【2hr】Development and reliability of a hand-held dynamometer device tomeasure the ankle dorsiflexor muscle strength

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    机译 手持式测功机装置的开发和可靠性测量踝背屈肌的力量
    摘要：BackgroundAnkle dorsiflexor muscle strength is a crucial component of gait.
  • 3.

    【2hr】Toward community-based wheelchair evaluation with machine learningmethods

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    机译 通过机器学习实现基于社区的轮椅评估方法
    摘要：IntroductionUpper extremity pain among manual wheelchair users induces functional decline and reduces quality of life. Research has identified chronic overuse due to wheelchair propulsion as one of the factors associated with upper limb injuries. Lack of a feasible tool to track wheelchair propulsion in the community precludes testing validity of wheelchair propulsion performed in the laboratory. Recent studies have shown that wheelchair propulsion can be tracked through machine learning methods and wearable accelerometers. Better results were found in subject-specific machine learning method. To further develop this technique, we conducted a pilot study examining the feasibility of measuring wheelchair propulsion patterns.
  • 4.

    【2hr】Functional level assessment of individuals with transtibial limbloss: Evaluation in the clinical setting versus objective community ambulatoryactivity

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    机译 胫骨四肢功能水平评估丢失：在临床环境中与客观社区动态评估的比较活动
    摘要：The functional level (K level) of prosthetic users is used to choose appropriate prosthetic components, but ratings may highly subjective. A more objective and robust method to determine K level may be appealing. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between K level determined in the clinic to K level based on real world ambulatory activity data collected by StepWatch. Twelve individuals with transtibial limb loss gave informed consent to participate. K level assessments performed in the clinic by a single treating prosthetist were compared with a calculated estimate based on seven days of real world ambulatory activity patterns using linear regression. There was good agreement between the two methods of determining K level with R2 = 0.775 (p < 0.001). The calculated estimate of K level based on actual ambulatory activity in real world settings appears to be similar to the treating prosthetist’s assessment of K level based on gait observation and patient responses in the clinic. Clinic-based ambulatory capacity in transtibial prosthetic users appears to correlate with real world ambulatory behavior in this small cohort. Determining functional level based on real world ambulatory activity may supplementclinic-based tests of functional capacity.
  • 5.

    【2hr】Monitoring activity of inpatient lower limb prosthetic users inrehabilitation using accelerometry: Validation study

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    机译 监测住院下肢假肢使用者的活动使用加速度计进行康复：验证研究
    摘要：PurposeDue to limited accuracy of self-reported activities of lower limb prosthetic users, there is increasing interest in providing accurate walking time for those who are mobilising using their prosthesis in the rehabilitation ward. The aim of this study was to test the accuracy of a tri axial accelerometer (ActivPAL) in measuring walking activity of amputee patients while using their prosthetic limb.
  • 6.

    【2hr】A cross-modal feedback scheme for control of prosthetic graspstrength

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    机译 用于控制假肢抓握的跨模态反馈方案强度
    摘要：IntroductionGiven the lack of haptic feedback inherent in prosthetic devices, a natural and adaptable feedback scheme must be implemented. While multimodal feedback has proven successful in aiding dexterous performance, it can be mentally tasking on the individual. Conversely, cross-modal schemes relying on sensory substitution have proven to be equally effective in aiding task performance without cognitively burdening the user to the same degree.
  • 7.

    【2hr】Comparison of a computerized algorithm and prosthetists’ judgment inrating functional levels based on daily step activity in transtibialamputees

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    机译 比较计算机算法和修复专家的判断根据跨胫骨的日常活动评估功能水平被截肢者
    摘要：The Medicare Functional Classification Levels: “K-Level” system is a standard scale for functional levels of amputees. But it is problematic to document objectively and reliably. The K-Levels are based on three characteristics: potential to ambulate, cadence variability and energy level of the amputees. Actual mobility patterns of transtibial amputees recorded by a step activity monitor (StepWatch™) were translated using a computerized algorithm to match the three K-Level characteristics: the most active one minute, the ratio of low:medium:high step rates, and the total daily steps, respectively. This study compared prosthetists’ ratings of functional levels based on a visual inspection of step activity patterns with the ratings calculated by the computerized algorithm based on the same step activity data in 81 transtibial amputees. The computerized algorithm produced functional level values that closely matched the average of the ratings by 14 experienced prosthetists. The slope of the linear regression line was 1.04 with an R2 value of 0.829, indicating good linearity and concordance across the range of the two scales. The results of this study demonstrated concurrent validity of the computerizedalgorithm and suggested that it could potentially serve as a useful tool inrating functional levels of transtibial amputees based on real-world stepactivities and complement a clinic-based test.
  • 8.

    【2hr】Direct measurement of plantarflexion resistive moments and angularpositions of an articulated ankle–foot orthosis while walking in individualspost stroke: A preliminary study

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    机译 直接测量足底屈曲阻力力矩和角度个体行走时脚踝关节矫形器的位置中风后：初步研究
    摘要：The plantarflexion resistive moments of an articulated ankle–foot orthosis play an important role in improving gait in individuals post stroke. However, the evidence regarding their magnitude required from the articulated ankle–foot orthosis to improve walking is still limited. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to directly measure the plantarflexion resistive moments and the joint angular positions while walking using a prototype instrumented articulated ankle–foot orthosis in five individuals post stroke. The secondary aim was to investigate their moment–angle relationship by changing its preset plantarflexion stiffness. Each subject was fitted with the instrumented articulated ankle–foot orthosis and walked on a treadmill under four different preset plantarflexion stiffness conditions (0.35 N·m/°, 0.51 N·m/°, 0.87 N·m/°, and 1.27 N·m/°). For each subject, the plantarflexion resistive moments and the joint angular positions of five continuous gait cycles were extracted and averaged for each condition. Data were plotted and presented as case series. Both plantarflexion resistive moments and joint angular positions of the ankle–foot orthosis changed according to the preset plantarflexion stiffness in all subjects. Using the instrumented articulated ankle–foot orthosis couldpotentially advance the understanding of the biomechanics of an ankle–footorthosis, as well as contribute to more evidence-based orthotic care ofpatients.
  • 9.

    【2hr】Inertial and frictional influences of instrumented wheelchairwheels

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    机译 器械轮椅的惯性和摩擦影响车轮
    摘要：Background Instrumented wheelchair wheels can be used to study the kinematics and kinetics of manual wheelchair propulsion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of instrumented wheels on the inertial and frictional parameters of a wheelchair system.
  • 10.

    【2hr】PictureSensation – a mobile application to help the blind explore thevisual world through touch and sound

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    机译 PictureSensation –一种移动应用程序，可帮助盲人探索通过触觉和声音的视觉世界
    摘要：We present PictureSensation, a mobile application for the hapto-acoustic exploration of images. It is designed to allow for the visually impaired to gain direct perceptual access to images via an acoustic signal. PictureSensation introduces a swipe-gesture based, speech-guided, barrier free user interface to guarantee autonomous usage by a blind user. It implements a recently proposed exploration and audification principle, which harnesses exploration methods that the visually impaired are used to from everyday life. In brief, a user explores an image actively on a touch screen and receives auditory feedback about its content at his current finger position. PictureSensation provides an extensive tutorial and training mode, to allow for a blind user to become familiar with the use of the application itself as well as the principles of image content to sound transformations, without any assistance from a normal-sighted person. We show our application’s potential to help visually impaired individuals explore, interpret and understand entire scenes, even on small smartphone screens. Providing more than just verbal scene descriptions, PictureSensation presents a valuable mobile tool to grant the blind access to the visual world through exploration, anywhere.
  • 11.

    【2hr】The use and effect of video game design theory in the creation ofgame-based systems for upper limb stroke rehabilitation

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    机译 电子游戏设计理论在创作中的用途和效果基于游戏的上肢中风康复系统
    摘要：Upper limb exercise is often neglected during post-stroke rehabilitation. Video games have been shown to be useful in providing environments in which patients can practise repetitive, functionally meaningful movements, and in inducing neuroplasticity. The design of video games is often focused upon a number of fundamental principles, such as reward, goals, challenge and the concept of meaningful play, and these same principles are important in the design of games for rehabilitation. Further to this, there have been several attempts for the strengthening of the relationship between commercial game design and rehabilitative game design, the former providing insight into factors that can increase motivation and engagement with the latter. In this article, we present an overview of various game design principles and the theoretical grounding behind their presence, in addition to attempts made to utilise these principles in the creation of upper limb stroke rehabilitation systems and the outcomes of their use. We also present research aiming to move the collaborative efforts of designers and therapists towards a model for the structured design of these games and the various steps taken concerning the theoretical classification and mapping of game design concepts with intended cognitive and motor outcomes.
  • 12.

    【2hr】Cognitive impairment and assistive devices: Outcomes and adverseeffects

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    机译 认知障碍和辅助器具：结果和不良反应效果
    摘要：PurposeThe goal of this review was to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and assistive device use in elderly persons.
  • 13.

    【2hr】Haptics to improve task performance in people with disabilities: Areview of previous studies and a guide to future research with children withdisabilities

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    机译 改善残疾人任务表现的触觉：A回顾先前的研究以及对患有以下疾病的儿童的未来研究的指南残障人士
    摘要：This review examines the studies most pertinent to the potential of haptics on the functionality of assistive robots in manipulation tasks for use by children with disabilities. Haptics is the fast-emerging science that studies the sense of touch concerning the interaction of a human and his/her environment; this paper particularly studies the human–machine interaction that happens through a haptic interface to enable touch feedback. Haptics-enabled user interfaces for assistive robots can potentially benefit children whose haptic exploration is impaired due to a disability in their infancy and throughout their childhood. A haptic interface can provide touch feedback and potentially contribute to an enhancement in perception of objects and overall ability to perform manipulation tasks. The intention of this paper is to review the research on the applications of haptics, exclusively focusing on attributes affecting task performance. A review of studies will give a retrospective insight into previous research with various disability populations, and inform potential limitations/challenges in research regarding haptic interfaces for assistive robots for use by children with disabilities.
  • 14.

    【2hr】The effect of ‘device-in-charge’ versus ‘patient-in-charge’ supportduring robotic gait training on walking ability and balance in chronic strokesurvivors: A systematic review

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    机译 “负责设备”与“负责患者”支持的效果在机器人步态训练中对慢性卒中的步行能力和平衡进行训练幸存者：系统回顾
    摘要：This review describes the effects of two control strategies – used in robotic gait-training devices for chronic stroke survivors – on gait speed, endurance and balance. Control strategies are classified as ‘patient-in-charge support’, where the device ‘empowers’ the patient, and ‘device-in-charge support’, where the device imposes a pre-defined movement trajectory on the patient. Studies were collected up to 24 June 2015 and were included if they presented robotic gait training in chronic stroke survivors and used outcome measures that were indexed by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. In total, 11 articles were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Outcome measures were walking speed, endurance and balance. Pooled mean differences between pre and post measurements were calculated. No differences were found between studies that used device-in-charge support and patient-in-charge support. Training effects were small for both groups of control strategies, and none were considered to be clinically relevant as defined by the Minimal Clinically Important Difference. However, an important confounder is the short training duration among all included studies. As control strategies in robotic gait training are rapidly evolving, future research shouldtake the recommendations that are made in this review into account.
  • 15.

    【2hr】Mechatronic design and manufacturing of an affordable healthcarerobotic bed

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    机译 机电设计和制造负担得起的医疗保健机械床
    摘要：The design and manufacturing of affordable medical assistive devices represents a major challenge for developing countries where resources are much more limited than in rich countries. The engineering design process focuses on developing better devices and systems with a low impact on the environment and the most functional and efficient performance, at the lowest possible price. In this context, the mechatronic design is perhaps the most complete way of thinking about performing concurrent design tasks which provide fully of mechanical, electronic, informatics and intelligent control systems integration. This design process can take advantage of many computer-aided tools, which play a key role in the modern methods of optimization and reduce the cost of prototyping. This work presents the mechatronic design process of an affordable assistive robotic bed, from the main requirements through the mechanical design and up to the integration of the electronics and the embedded control, while industrial design suitably merges to all the modules of the robotic bed. The work was developed in cooperation with a set of experts at the Hospital Juarez de Mexico who provided their very specific necessities for the designers and more important for the patients.
  • 16.

    【2hr】A novel distractive and mobility-enabling lumbar spinalorthosis

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    机译 一种新颖的可吸引注意力和活动能力的腰椎矫形器
    摘要：PurposeLumbar spinal orthoses are often used as non-surgical treatment and serve to support the spine and alleviate low back pain. More recently, dynamic orthoses claiming to decompress the spine have been introduced. A previously developed prototype of dynamic mobility orthosis (DMO1) was designed that provided a distractive load across the lumbar spine but required higher sagittal bending moments and was unable to maintain spinal off-loading throughout extended ranges of movement. The objective was to design a new orthosis (DMO2) that reduced bending moment buildup and sustained spinal off-loading throughout daily living ranges of flexion and extension movement.
  • 17.

    【2hr】MoRe-T2 (mobility research trajectory tracker): validation andapplication

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    机译 MoRe-T2（交通研究轨迹跟踪器）：验证和应用
    摘要：It is important to assess the suitability of mobility aids before prescribing them to patients. This assessment is often subjectively completed by a therapist and it often includes a variety of basic practical tests. An objective assessment of a patient's capability, which captures not only speed of task completion and success, but also accuracy and risk of manoeuvres, would be both a fairer and safer approach. Yet until now such an assessment would have been cost-prohibitive, especially in low resource settings. We pave the way towards this end goal, by describing, validating and demonstrating a low-cost computer vision based system called MoRe-T2 (mobility research trajectory tracker). The open-source MoRe-T2 system uses low-cost off-the-shelf webcams to track the pose of fiducial markers, which are simply printed onto regular office paper. In this article, we build upon previous work and benchmark the accuracy of MoRe-T2 against an industry standard motion capture system. In particular, we show that MoRe-T2 achieves accuracy comparable to CODA motion tracking system. We go on to demonstrate a use case of MoRe-T2 in assessing wheelchair manoeuvrability over a relatively large area. The results show that MoRe-T2 is scalable at a much lower cost than typical industry-standard motion trackers. Therefore, MoRe-T2 can beused to develop more objective and reliable assessments of mobility aids,especially in low-resource settings.
  • 18.

    【2hr】A wearable soft-robotic glove enables hand support in ADL andrehabilitation: A feasibility study on the assistivefunctionality

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    机译 可穿戴的柔软机器人手套可在ADL和康复：辅助治疗的可行性研究功能性
    摘要：BackgroundElderly people frequently experience a decline in hand function, due to ageing or diseases. This leads to decreased independence in activities of daily living (ADL). Assistive technology may enhance independence.
  • 19.

    【2hr】Efficacy of an activity monitor as a biofeedback device in cerebralpalsy

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    机译 活动监测器作为脑中生物反馈装置的功效麻痹
    摘要：BackgroundAssessment of physical outcomes in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) is considered an effective way to monitor their progress, evaluate interventions and guide health care policy. However, no study using an activity monitor (AM) as a biofeedback device in treatment of people with CP has been published. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the AM as a biofeedback device in individuals with CP after a type of single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) called Single-Event Multilevel Lever Arm Restoration and Anti-Spasticity Surgery (SEMLARASS).
  • 20.

    【2hr】Effectiveness of a low-cost body weight support training device inthe rehabilitation of cerebral palsy

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    机译 低成本体重支持训练设备的有效性脑瘫的康复
    摘要：BackgroundBody weight supported treadmill training (BWSTT) has been proven to be effective in rehabilitation of persons with cerebral palsy (CP). However, it has still not found widespread usage, especially in industrially developing countries, due to its high cost. Treadmill training promotes a rhythmical movement of the lower extremities through motor learning, which can be enhanced by BWSTT for persons with CP. Hence, the research and development team of a tertiary level neuromusculoskeletal rehabilitation center designed a low-cost body weight support training (BWST) device. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the BWST device on gait and ambulation in persons with CP post single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) of the lower extremities.
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