As residential environment science advances, the environmental quality of outdoor microclimates has aroused increasing attention of scholars majoring in urban climate and built environments. Taking the microclimate of a traditional residential area in a severe cold city as the study object, this study explored the influence of spatial geometry factors on the microclimate of streets and courtyards by field measurements, then compared the differences in microclimate of distinct public spaces. The results are as follows. (1) The temperature of a NE-SW (Northeast-Southwest) oriented street was higher than that of a NW-SE (Northwest-Southeast) oriented street in both summer and winter, with an average temperature difference of 0.7–1.4 °C. The wind speeds in the latter street were slower, and the difference in average wind speed was 0.2 m/s. (2) In the street with a higher green coverage ratio, the temperature was much lower, a difference that was more obvious in summer. The difference in mean temperature was up to 1.2 °C. The difference in wind speed between the two streets was not obvious in winter, whereas the wind speed in summer was significantly lower for the street with a higher green coverage ratio, and the difference in average wind speed was 0.7 m/s. (3) The courtyards with higher SVF (sky view factor) had higher wind speeds in winter and summer, and the courtyards with larger SVF values had higher temperatures in summer, with an average temperature difference of 0.4 °C. (4) When the spaces had the same SVF values and green coverage ratios, the temperature of the street and courtyard were very similar, in both winter and summer. The wind speed of the street was significantly higher than the courtyard in summer, and the wind speed difference was 0.4 m/s.
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机译:随着居住环境科学的进步,室外微气候的环境质量引起了城市气候和建筑环境专业学者的越来越多的关注。本研究以严寒城市传统居住区的微气候为研究对象,通过实地测量探索了空间几何因素对街道和庭院微气候的影响,然后比较了不同公共空间的微气候差异。结果如下。 (1)夏季和冬季,东北-西南方向的街道的温度高于西北-东南方向的街道,平均温度差为0.7-1.4°C 。后一条街道的风速较慢,平均风速之差为0.2 m / s。 (2)在绿色覆盖率较高的街道上,温度要低得多,夏季的差异更明显。平均温度差高达1.2°C。在冬季,两条街道之间的风速差异不明显,而对于绿化覆盖率较高的街道,夏季的风速显着较低,平均风速差异为0.7 m / s。 (3)SVF(天空因子)较高的庭院在冬季和夏季具有较高的风速,SVF值较大的庭院在夏季具有较高的温度,平均温度差为0.4°C。 (4)当空间具有相同的SVF值和绿色覆盖率时,无论冬季还是夏季,街道和庭院的温度都非常相似。夏季,街道风速明显高于院落,风速差为0.4 m / s。
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