Fusarium oxysporum is the primary pathogen of blueberry root rot; furthermore, we found that Fusarium commune can also cause root rot in blueberries. Trichoderma spp. is widely used to control plant diseases. We isolated Trichoderma asperellum (TM11) from blueberry rhizosphere soil to explore its control effect and mechanism on F. oxysporum and F. commune. We found that the inhibitory effects of TM11 volatiles and broth metabolites on F. oxysporum were significant, but only F. commune volatile metabolites had a significant inhibitory effect on its growth. Twelve known antimicrobial metabolites were detected from the methanol extract of TM11 fermentation broth by HPLC-MS. TM11 lysed and coiled around the hyphae of F. oxysporum and F. commune. The pot experiment showed that TM11 had significant control effects against F. oxysporum and F. commune, and inoculation of TM11 prior to that of F. oxysporum and F. commune was more effective. The TM11, TM11 and F. oxysporum, or F. commune and distilled water treatments had different effects on the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase, and the enzyme activity levels exhibited the following order: TM11 > TM11 and F. oxysporum or F. commune > distilled water. The results showed that TM11 provided effective control of blueberry root rot.
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机译：尖孢镰刀菌是蓝莓根腐病的主要病原体;此外，我们发现镰刀菌公社也会导致蓝莓根腐病。木霉属 （Trichoderma spp.） 广泛用于控制植物病害。从蓝莓根际土壤中分离出木霉 （TM11），探讨其对尖孢镰刀菌和公地镰刀菌的防治作用和机制。我们发现 TM11 挥发物和肉汤代谢物对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制作用显著，但只有公鸡镰刀菌挥发性代谢物对其生长有显著抑制作用。HPLC-MS 从 TM11 发酵液的甲醇提取物中检测到 12 种已知的抗菌代谢物。TM11 裂解并盘绕在 F. oxysporum 和 F. commune 的菌丝周围。盆栽试验表明，TM11 对尖孢镰刀菌和公地镰刀菌具有显著的防治效果，且先接种尖孢镰刀菌和公地镰刀菌 TM11 效果更强。TM11、TM11 和尖孢镰刀菌或镰刀菌和蒸馏水处理对超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响不同，酶活性水平表现为：TM11 > TM11 和尖孢镰刀菌或镰刀菌>蒸馏水。结果表明，TM11 对蓝莓根腐病提供了有效的控制。
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